RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging viral pandemic disease. In the last 6 months, SARS-CoV-2 has caused millions of reported cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths. As other world regions, South America has not contained the pandemic's advance since it lacks the hospital and economic capacities. Public health implications of transmission, while the asymptomatic/presymptomatic infection is a critical concern at the current pandemic. OBJECTIVE: Describe the socio-demographic, clinical, and viral features of a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals from the Colombian Caribbean. METHODS: Six hundred eighty-six clinical samples of suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection cases and contacts individuals from several hospital centers in the department of Córdoba, Colombia, were received at our laboratory between April 9th and May 16th, 2020. RNA was extracted using lysis buffers and spin columns. The samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using commercially available multiplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of 3 target genes of SARS-CoV-2 (Allplex™, 2019-nCoV assay, Korea). Viral copies quantification was done using a standard curve constructed from seriated dilutions of a SARS-CoV-2 positive control. Statics descriptive methods were used. RESULTS: Thirty-five nasopharyngeal samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection; the average age was 43 (range, 1-95 years). Seventeen of 35 (49%) of the patients showed symptoms. Most of them had a cough, fever, and odynophagia; three of the patients reported having arthralgia. Only two patients required hospitalization. None of the patients had known co-morbidities. RT-qPCR results show that two of the symptomatic patients had significantly higher RNA copies than the rest. Eighteen of 35 (51%) individuals were asymptomatic, and the average age was 30 (range, 6-61 years). Four asymptomatic individuals showed a higher copy than some symptomatic patients; nonetheless, the average of RNA copies 8.26 × 1010 was lower than the symptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that asymptomatic patients may develop infections with a high number of RNA copies. Since a considerable percentage of infections may be asymptomatic/presymptomatic, enhanced testing approaches may be needed to detect these persons. Due the occurrence of a large proportion of infections being a result from transmission originated in asymptomatic/presymptomatic individuals, public health interventions in Colombia should be based on two steps: a massive molecular screening, and viral load quantification. Finally, a remarkable issue in our study is the average age of symptomatic and asymptomatic groups (43 and 30 respectively) which may be important because of the economic impact that has been caused by the coronavirus pandemic and may be probably the cause of the reduced lethality observed in the country and the department at the time of this study.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/etiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano de 80 o más Años , COVID-19/transmisión , Región del Caribe/epidemiología , Portador Sano/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Colombia , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Factores Socioeconómicos , Carga Viral , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
El ejercicio de la anestesiología nos obliga al contacto con diversas patologías cardiovasculares durante la gestación, con importantes consideraciones clínicas en el período perioperatorio y que deben ser analizadas correctamente, para intervenir efectivamente en la disminución de la morbi-mortalidad en este grupo de pacientes. El embarazo y el período periparto cursan con cambios cardio-circulatorios substanciales. Muchas mujeres, con enfermedad cardiaca, tienen desenlaces favorables para la madre y el feto, con excepción de las pacientes con síndrome de Eisenmenger, enfermedad pulmonar vascular obstructiva, síndrome de Marfán con patología aórtica concomitante, en las cuales nuestras intervenciones podrían incidir en mejores resultados y en la oportunidad de llevar a feliz término el embarazo. Las muertes maternas durante la gestación por causas cardiacas, son raras, pero nuestro deber es que día a día decrezcan y que la calidad de vida sea mejor. Palabras claves: enfermedad cardiovascular, embarazo, cardiopatías congénitas...
Asunto(s)
Cardiología , Cardiopatías , EmbarazoRESUMEN
La frecuencia en la sensibilización al látex se ha ido incrementando desde su reconocimiento en el año 1979. El látex es un material que se encuentra en globos, preservativos, productos quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos que puede desarrollar una morbilidad significativa y muertes reportadas en la literatura. El personal de la salud es susceptible del desarrollo de sensibilización al látex, particularmente en los sujetos atópicos favorecido con el incremento de lasmedidas de bioseguridad dependientes de este material. En la población general la prevalencia de sensibilización está entre 5 y 10% con un espectro de presentación que se extiende desdela forma subclínica hasta manifestaciones fatales.
